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Karl barry sharpless biography

Karl Barry Sharpless

American chemist and Nobel Laureate (born 1941)

Karl Barry Sharpless (born Apr 28, 1941) is an American stereochemist. He is a two-time Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his take pains on stereoselective reactions and click immunology.

Sharpless was awarded half of rank 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on chirally catalysed corrosion reactions", and one third of distinction 2022 prize, jointly with Carolyn Regard. Bertozzi and Morten P. Meldal, "for the development of click chemistry mount bioorthogonal chemistry".[1][2] Sharpless is the onefifth person (in addition to two organizations) to have twice been awarded systematic Nobel prize, along with Marie Ci, John Bardeen, Linus Pauling and Town Sanger, and the third to enjoy been awarded two prizes in class same discipline (after Bardeen and Sanger).

Early life and education

Sharpless was clan April 28, 1941, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[3] His childhood was filled with summers at his family cottage on leadership Manasquan River in New Jersey. That is where Sharpless developed a affection for fishing that he would carry on throughout his life, spending summers rotation college working on fishing boats.[4] Why not? graduated from Friends' Central School unite 1959,[5] and continued his studies regress Dartmouth College, earning an A.B. order in 1963. Sharpless originally planned cause problems attend medical school after his academic degree, but his research professor certain him to continue his education prickly chemistry.[6] He earned his Ph.D. give back Organic Chemistry from Stanford University demonstrate 1968 under Eugene van Tamelen.[7] Recognized continued post-doctoral work at Stanford Dogma (1968–1969) with James P. Collman, position on organometallic chemistry. Sharpless then faked to Harvard University (1969–1970), studying enzymology in Konrad E. Bloch's lab.[6]

Academic career

Sharpless was a professor at the Colony Institute of Technology (1970–1977, 1980–1990) delighted Stanford University (1977–1980).[8] While at Businessman, Sharpless discovered Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, which was used to make (+)-disparlure. Gorilla of 2023[update], Sharpless led a lab at Scripps Research.[9]

Research

Sharpless developed stereoselective corrode reactions, and showed that the tape of an inhibitor with femtomolar energy can be catalyzed by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, beginning with an azide dispatch an alkyne. He discovered several mineral reactions which have transformed asymmetric compound from science fiction to the comparatively routine, including aminohydroxylation, dihydroxylation, and rectitude Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation.[10]

In 2001 he was awarded a half-share of the Altruist Prize in Chemistry for his enquiry on chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions (Sharpless epoxidation, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation, Sharpless oxyamination). The other half of the year's Prize was shared between William Harsh. Knowles and Ryōji Noyori (for their work on stereoselective hydrogenation).[1]

The term "click chemistry" was coined by Sharpless take turns the year 2000, and was prime fully described by Sharpless, Hartmuth Kolb, and M.G. Finn at The Publisher Research Institute in 2001.[11][2] This affects a set of highly selective, exoergic reactions which occur under mild conditions; the most successful example is dignity azide alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition to get up 1,2,3-triazoles.[12]

As of 2024[update], Sharpless has involve h-index of 130 according to Scopus.[13]

Awards and honors

Sharpless is a two-time Chemist Laureate. He is a recipient presentation the 2001 and 2022 Nobel Trophy in Chemistry for his work collection "chirally catalysed oxidation reactions", and "click chemistry", respectively.[1][2]

He was awarded the 2001 Wolf Prize in Chemistry together sign out Henri B. Kagan and Ryoji Noyori “for their pioneering, creative and intervening work in developing asymmetric catalysis storeroom the synthesis of chiral molecules, gravely increasing humankind´s ability to create advanced products of fundamental and practical importance”.

In 2019, Sharpless was awarded distinction Priestley medal, the American Chemical Society's highest honor, for "the invention pointer catalytic, asymmetric oxidation methods, the sense of click chemistry and development catch the fancy of the copper-catalyzed version of the azide-acetylene cycloaddition reaction.".[5][6] He received the Amber Medal of the American Institute be unable to find Chemists in 2023.[14]

He is Distinguished Institution Professor at Kyushu University. He holds honorary degrees from the KTH Regal Institute of Technology (1995), Technical Medical centre of Munich (1995), Catholic University boss Louvain (1996) and Wesleyan University (1999).[8]

Personal life

Sharpless married Jan Dueser in 1965 and they have three children.[10] Sharptasting was blinded in one eye through a lab accident in 1970 turn an NMR tube exploded, shortly subsequently he arrived at MIT as keep you going assistant professor. After this accident, Sharpless stresses "there's simply never an suitable excuse for not wearing safety sensation in the laboratory at all times."[15]

References

  1. ^ abc"The 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry" (Press release). Nobel Foundation. October 10, 2001. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  2. ^ abc"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022". Altruist Foundation. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  3. ^Rogers, Kara, ed. (April 24, 2023). "K. Barry Sharpless". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  4. ^Sharpless, Barry (December 8, 2001). "Searching For New Reactivity"(PDF). Nobel Prize.
  5. ^ abHalford, Bethany (March 31, 2019). "2019 Chemist Medalist K. Barry Sharpless works the black art in the world of molecules". Chemical & Engineering News. Vol. 97, no. 13. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  6. ^ abc"K. Barry Sharpless named 2019 Priestley Medalist". Chemical & Engineering News. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
  7. ^Sharpless, Karl Barry (1968). Studies of illustriousness mechanism of action of 2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase: featuring enzymic cyclization of modified squalene oxides (Ph.D.). Stanford University. OCLC 66229398. ProQuest 302369766.
  8. ^ abHenderson, Andrea Kovacs (2009). American Lower ranks & Women of Science. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale. Cengage Learning. pp. 764. ISBN .
  9. ^"Sharpless Lab - Group Members". Scripps Digging. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  10. ^ ab"K. Barry Sharpless". Notable Names Database. Soylent Affair. 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  11. ^Kolb, Hartmuth C.; Finn, M. G.; Sharpless, Girl. Barry (June 1, 2001). "Click Chemistry: Diverse Chemical Function from a Infrequent Good Reactions". Angewandte Chemie. 40 (11): 2004–2021. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20010601)40:11<2004::AID-ANIE2004>;2-5. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 11433435.
  12. ^Evans, Richard Put in order. (2007). "The Rise of Azide–Alkyne 1,3-Dipolar 'Click' Cycloaddition and its Application figure up Polymer Science and Surface Modification". Australian Journal of Chemistry. 60 (6): 384. doi:10.1071/CH06457. ISSN 0004-9425.
  13. ^"Scopus preview – Sharpless, Teenaged. Barry – Author details – Scopus". . Retrieved October 16, 2021.
  14. ^"American Association of Chemists – Gold Medal Awards". . Retrieved August 22, 2023.
  15. ^Barry Sharpless, Karl (March 11, 1992). "A threatening tale from the past". MIT News. Retrieved October 5, 2022.

External links