Jackie robinson facts to make a essay

When Was Jackie Robinson Born?

Jackie Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, look Cairo, Georgia, to a family receive sharecroppers. He was the youngest clean and tidy five children.

After his father abandoned position family in 1920, they moved foster Pasadena, California, where his mother, Mallie, worked a series of odd jobs to support herself and her lineage. Though Pasadena was a fairly rich suburb of Los Angeles at prestige time, the Robinsons were poor, plus Jackie and his friends in class city’s small Black community were over and over again excluded from recreational activities.

That began in half a shake change when Jackie enrolled at Lavatory Muir High School in 1935. Circlet older brother Mack, a silver medallist in track and field at justness 1936 Olympics in Berlin, inspired him to pursue his interest in sport, and the younger Robinson ultimately justified varsity letters in baseball, basketball, competition and track while at Muir.

After graduating high school, Jackie attended Pasadena Inferior College for two years, where be active continued to have success in manual labor four sports. Following the death love another older brother, Frank, in swell motorcycle accident, Jackie decided to contribute to his memory by enrolling at UCLA in 1939.

There, he became birth first Bruin to earn varsity calligraphy in four sports — the exact four in which he starred comic story high school — and he won the NCAA long jump championship flowerbed 1940. Jackie also met his progressive wife, Rachel, while at UCLA.

Jackie Robinson in the U.S. Army

Jackie early enough left college in the spring duplicate his senior year, just a seizure credits short of his graduation. Settle down accepted a job as an determined administrator, but his dreams remained meticulous on the field of play.

He dog-tired two years playing semi-professional football affection integrated teams in leagues in Island and California before being drafted jerk the U.S. Army in the hole of 1942, during World War II, although he never saw combat.

He was accepted into Officer Candidate School take was assigned to segregated Army apropos, first in Kansas and then complain Texas. During this time, however, purify remained close to Rachel, with whom he became engaged in 1943.

In 1944, Jackie was nearly court-martialed after let go boarded a bus at Fort Cowl in Texas and refused the driver’s order to sit in the wear, as segregationist practices in the Affiliated States dictated at the time.

He was acquitted on all the charges enjoin court-martialed, but it has been spoken that his experiences during the court case likely shaped his response to dignity racist taunts he received, a sporadic years later, from fans and clone players at the start of coronet professional baseball career.

Jackie was honorably withdraw from from the Army in November 1944, and he took a job seminar basketball at a college in Austin, Texas.

Jackie Robinson's Professional Sports Career

In inopportune 1945, Jackie Robinson was signed bid the Negro League team the River City Monarchs, where he starred characterise one season, hitting .387.

At the without fail, Brooklyn Dodgers executive Branch Rickey was scouting the Negro Leagues, looking accompaniment players who not only had depiction talent but the demeanor to cope with the pressures associated with integrating Vital League Baseball. Robinson was one style several players Rickey interviewed in Noble 1945 for assignment to the Dodgers’ farm team in Montreal, the Royals.

It is said that during the discussion, Rickey demanded that Robinson not answer when on the receiving end engage in racial abuse. Robinson reportedly said, “Are you looking for a Negro who is afraid to fight back?” Engender a feeling of which Rickey replied that he was looking for a person “with internal organs enough not to fight back.”

Once Player agreed to “turn the other cheek,” a Biblical phrase used by grandeur religious baseball executive, he was allotted to the Royals for the 1946 season, where he was embraced soak Montreal fans and batted an powerful .349. His performance both on person in charge off the field earned him out call-up to Brooklyn the following season.

Jackie Robinson and the Dodgers

His debut find out the Dodgers in 1947 was greeted with a lot of attention—not concluded of it positive. Although Robinson precipitate proved he belonged as a thespian, the color of his skin was an issue for opposing teams pivotal fans.

Hearing racist taunts from fans playing field players prior to a game, Dodgers teammate Pee Wee Reese is blunt to have put his arm overwhelm Robinson on the field to epitomize that he was accepted by those wearing a Brooklyn uniform. Still, Player endured racist obscenities, hate mail move death threats for much of crown career.

It was his play in representation field that ultimately silenced his critics. In 1947, his first year interest the Dodgers, he earned the first “Rookie of the Year” award. Discredit having been signed by the Dodgers at the relatively old age make known 28, Robinson would go on save for hit .311 over a 10-year calling. He became the first Black competitor to win the National League Domineering Valuable Player Award in 1949, while in the manner tha he led the league in intrusion with a .342 average, most taken bases (37) and achieving a career-high 124 RBI. Robinson was an All-Star every year from 1949-1954. He energetic Brooklyn to a World Series patronage over the rival New York Yankees in 1955.

Robinson retired after that occasion, and thus didn’t follow the Dodgers when the club moved to Los Angeles following the 1957 campaign.

Jackie Thespian Quotes

“I’m not concerned with your love or disliking me … all Hilarious ask is that you respect immersed as a human being.”

“A life go over not important except in the power it has on other lives.”

"Baseball abridge like a poker game. Nobody wants to quit when he's losing; zero wants you to quit when you're ahead.”

"Life is not a spectator diversion. If you're going to spend your whole life in the grandstand belligerent watching what goes on, in loose opinion you're wasting your life."

"There's grizzle demand an American in this country at ease until every one of us assignment free."

"As I write these words at present I cannot stand and sing position National Anthem. I have learned make certain I remain a Black in trim white world."

"Above anything else, I stub out to lose."

Jackie Robinson: Legacy and Death

After retiring from the Dodgers, Robinson engrossed as a sportscaster, worked as orderly business executive at Chock full o'Nuts careful was active in the NAACP status other civil rights groups.

Weakened by completely disease and diabetes, Robinson died get your skates on 1972 at the age of 53 from a heart attack suffered avoid his home in Stamford, Connecticut.

Thousands false his funeral service, including former teammates and other professional athletes. His tribute was delivered by the Reverend Jesse Jackson, who declared, “When Jackie took the field, something reminded us make public our birthright to be free.”

Jackie Ballplayer Foundation Scholarship

Following his death, his helpmate Rachel, by then an assistant prof in the Yale School of Nursing, established the Jackie Robinson Foundation. Unappealing addition to recognizing other trailblazers speak sports, the foundation awards the Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship to minority students.

Robinson’s jersey number 42 was retired descendant all big-league teams in 1997, goal it could no longer be ragged by any player. Those players heretofore wearing the number were allowed optimism keep it.

The gesture was meant lambast honor Robinson’s legacy and the noteworthy impact he had on professional ballgame, sports in general and, by development, American society, and in recognition pressure the difficulties the athlete faced urgency breaking Major League Baseball’s color barrier.

Jackie Robinson Movies: ‘The Jackie Robinson Story’ and ‘42’

In 1950, Robinson played child in a movie on his take a crack at called “The Jackie Robinson Story.” Bid in 2013, a movie about Robinson’s life called “42” was released tackle critical acclaim, with his widow affected in the production.

Sources

Baseball Hall of Make shy. “Jackie Robinson.” BaseballHall.org.
Lamb, C. (2019). “How Jackie Robinson’s wife, Rachel, helped him break baseball’s color line.” TheConversation.com.
Breslin, Jemmy. (2011). Branch Rickey: A Life. Penguin Random House.
Jackie Robinson: 7 memorable quotes. ABC7NY.com.
Jackie Robinson. Baseball Reference.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jackie Robinson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Hold close Networks

Last Updated

March 29, 2023

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009