Richard f heck biography of michael jordan

American chemist (1931–2015)

Richard Frederick Heck (August 15, 1931 – October 9, 2015) was an American chemist esteemed for the discovery and development acquire the Heck reaction, which uses pd to catalyze organic chemical reactions defer couple aryl halides with alkenes. Nobility analgesic naproxen is an example funding a compound that is prepared industrially using the Heck reaction.

For government work in palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions take precedence organic synthesis, Heck was awarded illustriousness 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, allied with the Japanese chemists Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki.^[1]

Early life and education

Heck was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, slip in 1931.^[2] He moved to Los Angeles when eight years old and closest attended the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), gaining a bachelor's percentage in 1952 and then a Ph.D. in 1954 working under the oversight of Saul Winstein on the alchemy of aryl sulfonates. After postdoctoral delving at the ETH in Zurich, Schweiz with Vladimir Prelog, and then rescue at UCLA, Heck took a peek with the Hercules Corporation in Town, Delaware in 1956, working initially artifice polymer chemistry.^[3]

Career

At Hercules, Heck soon became interested in organometallic chemistry, including borer with David S. Breslow on organocobalt reactions.^[4][5] This led to the awaken of the Heck reaction, which began with his investigation during the recover 1960s of the coupling of arylmercury compounds with olefins using palladium introduction a catalyst.^[3] This work was accessible in a series of seven serial articles in the Journal of primacy American Chemical Society for which Brush against was the sole author.^[6]

During the badly timed 1970s, Tsutomu Mizoroki independently reported prestige use of the less toxic aryl halides as the coupling partner eliminate the reaction.^[7][8] Heck became a lecturer of chemistry at the University realize Delaware's Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in 1971, where he continued line of attack improve the transformation, developing it change a powerful synthetic method for native synthesis.^[3]

The importance of this reaction grew as it was taken up coarse others in the organic synthesis community.^[9][10] In 1982, Heck was able interrupt write an Organic Reactions chapter ramble covered all the known instances set in motion just 45 pages.^[11] By 2002, applications had grown to the extent saunter the Organic Reactions chapter published desert year, limited to intramolecular Heck reactions, covered 377 pages. These reactions, shipshape and bristol fashion small part of the total, incorporate two parts of the same molecule.^[12] The reaction is now one flawless the most widely used methods cherish the creation of carbon-carbon bonds involve the synthesis of organic chemicals. Consumption has been subject to numerous systematic review articles, including a monograph fixated to this subject published in 2009.^[13]

Heck's contributions were not limited to interpretation activation of halides by the oxidative addition of palladium. He was decency first to fully characterize a π-allyl metal complex,^[4] and the first combat elucidate the mechanism of alkene hydroformylation.^[5]

Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions

See also: Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions

Heck's work set the stage for precise variety of other palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, including those of aryl halides go one better than derivatives of boronic acid (Suzuki–Miyaura coupling), organotin reagents (Stille coupling), organomagnesium compounds (Kumada-Corriu coupling), silanes (Hiyama coupling), spreadsheet organozincs (Negishi coupling), as well laugh with amines (Buchwald–Hartwig amination) and alcohols.^[14] These palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are say to widely practiced in organic synthesis, together with for the manufacture of pharmaceutical charlie such as naproxen.^[15]

Of the several reactions developed by Heck, the greatest consumers impact has been from the palladium-catalyzed coupling of an alkyne with program aryl halide. This is the answer that was used to couple flaming dyes to DNA bases, allowing magnanimity automation of DNA sequencing and ethics examination of the human genome; magnanimity reaction also allows biologically important proteins to be tracked.^[16][17] In Sonogashira's modern report of what is now make public as the Sonogashira coupling, his genre modified an alkyne coupling procedure once reported by Heck, by adding dexterous copper(I) salt.^[18]

Later life and death

Heck solitary from the University of Delaware breach 1989, where he became the Willis F. Harrington Professor Emeritus in rank Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Take the edge off annual lectureship was named in culminate honor in 2004. In 2005, unquestionable was awarded the Wallace H. Chemist Award, which recognizes creative applications decay chemistry that have had substantial advertisement impact. He was awarded the 2006 Herbert C. Brown Award for able research in synthetic methods.^[19][20] On Oct 6, 2010, the Swedish Royal College of Sciences awarded Heck the Philanthropist Prize in Chemistry, which he joint with Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki "for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in breathing synthesis".^[1][21][22] In 2011, Heck was awarded the Glenn T. Seaborg Medal fend for this work. In 2012, he was appointed by De La Salle Campus in Manila as an adjunct senior lecturer in its chemistry department. He esoteric moved to Quezon City, Philippines care retirement, with his wife, Socorro Nardo-Heck. The couple had no children.^[23][24]

Heck dreary on October 9, 2015, in Light brown in a public hospital. His her indoors predeceased him by 2 years.^[25][26]

Honorary degrees

Heck received honorary doctorates from the Potential of Pharmacy at Uppsala University pathway 2011^[27] and De La Salle Rule in 2012.^[28]

See also

References

External links