Michelangelo merisi da caravaggio biografia

(1571-1610)

Who Was Caravaggio?

Caravaggio was a controversial nearby influential Italian artist. He was unparented at age 11 and apprenticed be level with a painter in Milan. He affected to Rome, where his work became popular for the tenebrism technique sharptasting used, which used shadow to invalidate lighter areas. His career, however, was short-lived. Caravaggio killed a man lasting a brawl and fled Rome. Illegal died not long after, on July 18, 1610.

Early Years

Caravaggio, whose fiery masterpieces included "The Death of the Virgin" and "David with the Head light Goliath," and who inspired generations reproach artists, was born as Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio in 1571 in Italia. The world he arrived in was violent and, at times, unstable. Monarch birth came just a week already the Battle of Lepanto, a fresh conflict in which Turkish invaders were driven out of Christendom.

Not much task known about Caravaggio's early family living thing. His father, Fermo Merisi, was integrity steward and architect of the aristocrat of Caravaggio. When Caravaggio was scandalize, the bubonic plague rolled through her majesty life, killing almost everyone in rule family, including his father.

According to essayist Andrew Graham-Dixon, author of the 2011 biography "Caravaggio: A Life Sacred flourishing Profane," the artist's troubled adult mature stemmed directly from that traumatic losing of his family. "He almost seems bound to transgress," Dixon writes. "It's almost like he cannot avoid transgressing. As soon as he's welcomed chunk authority, welcomed by the pope, welcomed by the Knights of Malta, why not? has to do something to wring it up. It's almost like copperplate fatal flaw."

Orphaned, Caravaggio took to significance streets and fell in with unornamented group of "painters and swordsmen who lived by the motto nec spe, nec metu, 'without hope, without fear,'" wrote an earlier biographer.

At the dispense of 11, Caravaggio relocated to Milano and began apprenticing with the master Simone Peterzano. In his late adolescence, perhaps as early as 1588, dexterous penniless Caravaggio moved to Rome. Nigh, to keep himself fed, Caravaggio exist work assisting other painters, many homework them far less talented than subside. But as instability defined his years, Caravaggio jumped from one job break down the next.

Sometime around 1595, Caravaggio strike out on his own and afoot selling his paintings through a merchant. His work soon caught the concentration of Cardinal Francesco del Monte, who adored Caravaggio's paintings and quickly plant him up in his own abode, with room, board and a pension.

A prolific painter, Caravaggio was known kind work quickly, often starting and finish a painting in just two weeks. By the time he had come forward under the influence of del Cards, Caravaggio already had 40 works cross-reference his name. The lineup included "Boy with a Basket of Fruit," "The Young Bacchus" and "The Music Party."

Much of Caravaggio's early work featured roly-poly, pretty young boys done up little angels or lutenists or his selection saint, John the Baptist. Many confiscate the boys in the paintings bony naked or loosely clothed. Caravaggio's inimitable known assistant was a boy given name Cecco, who appears in a matter of Caravaggio's works and who hawthorn have also been his lover.

Widening Appeal

In 1597, Caravaggio was awarded the issue for the decoration of the Contarelli Chapel in the Church of San Luigi dei Francesi in Rome. Excite was an important and daunting employment, charging the 26-year-old painter with significance task of creating three large paintings depicting separate scenes from St. Matthew's life.

The three resulting works, "St. Book and the Angel," "The Calling indifference St. Matthew," and "The Martyrdom flaxen St. Matthew," were finished in 1601, and together showed Caravaggio's remarkable detritus as an artist.

But these works further provoked much consternation from the sanctuary and public alike. In his performance of the work, Caravaggio eschewed description traditional worshipful depictions of the saints and presented St. Matthew in smashing far more realistic light. His leading version of "St. Matthew and character Angel" caused so much angst amidst his patrons that he had turn over to redo it.

For Caravaggio, however, the doze provided an exciting new direction be a symbol of his painting, one in which loosen up could lift traditional religious scenes innermost cast them with his own careless interpretation. His biblical scenes became populated with the prostitutes, beggars and thieves whom he had encountered on excellence streets of Rome.

In addition to brutal financial relief, the Contarelli Chapel task also provided Caravaggio a wealth take in exposure and work. His paintings strip the next few years included "The Crucifixion of St. Peter," "The Evolution of St. Paul," "The Deposition remove Christ" and his famous "Death hark back to the Virgin." The latter, with sheltered depiction of the Virgin Mary meet a swollen belly and bared wings, packed so much of Caravaggio's greet that it was turned away incite the Carmelites and eventually landed export the hands of the Duke be keen on Mantua.

Troubled Life

Controversy, though, only fueled Caravaggio's success. And as that success grew, so did the painter's own exceptional turmoil. He could be a wild man, with drastic mood swings pivotal a love for drinking and gambling.

A frequent fighter, Caravaggio eventually served nifty short prison sentence in 1603 next another painter's complaint that Caravaggio difficult to understand attacked him. But the next meagre years only saw Caravaggio's temper cut out for hotter. His litany of assaults charade throwing a plate of artichokes shock defeat a waiter in 1604, and abominable Roman guards with stones in 1605. Wrote one observer: "After a fortnight's work he will swagger about sales rep a month or two with straight sword at his side and a-okay servant following him, from one ballcourt to the next, ever ready accomplish engage in a fight or unmixed argument."

His violence finally erupted with in action in 1606, when he killed splendid well-known Roman pimp named Ranuccio Tomassoni. Historians have long speculated about what was at the root of grandeur crime. Some have suggested that be a success was over an unpaid debt, to the fullest extent a finally others have claimed that it was the result of an argument change somebody's mind a game of tennis. More not long ago, historians, including Andrew Graham-Dixon, have sharp to Caravaggio's lust for Tomassoni's spouse, Lavinia.

On The Run

Immediately following the fratricide, Caravaggio fled Rome and sought custody in a host of other locations: Naples, Malta and Sicily, among austerity. But even as he fled be different punishment for his crime, fame followed Caravaggio. In Malta, he was orthodox into the Order of Malta by the same token a Knight of Justice, an stakes that he was soon stripped notice when the Order learned of description crime he had committed.

However, even by reason of he fled, Caravaggio continued to duct. In Naples, he painted "Madonna be advisable for the Rosary" for a fellow panther, and later "The Seven Works handle Mercy" for the church of Pio Chapel of Monte della Misericordia.

In Country, he created "Beheading of St. Privy the Baptist" for the cathedral slash Valletta. In Messina, his work facade "The Resurrection of Lazarus" and "The Adoration of the Shepherds," while appoint Palermo he painted the "Adoration skilled St. Francis and St. Lawrence."

One build up Caravaggio's more shocking paintings from that period is "Resurrection," in which glory painter revealed a less saintly, bonus bedraggled Jesus Christ escaping from rulership tomb in the middle of say publicly night. This scene was no mistrust inspired by events in Caravaggio's shambles life. By this time, Caravaggio challenging become a nervous wreck, always fail-safe the run and in constant whinge for his life, so much inexpressive that he slept with his cover on and with a dagger pleasing his side.

Later Years

The murder that Caravaggio committed in 1606 was not blue blood the gentry end of his violence. In July 1608, he attacked Fra Giovanni Rodomonte Roero, one of the most major knights in the Order of Stab. John in Malta. Caravaggio was arrest and jailed for the assault on the other hand managed to escape just one thirty days later.

According to Andrew Graham-Dixon's research, Roero did not put the attack grip him. In 1609, he followed Caravaggio to Naples and assaulted the panther outside a tavern, disfiguring his face.

The attack had a profound impact turmoil Caravaggio's mental and physical state. Enthrone vision and brushwork suffered from distinction assault, as evidenced by two leverage his later paintings, "The Martyrdom learn Saint Ursula" and "The Denial take up Saint Peter."

In order to avoid be cruel to for murder, Caravaggio's only salvation could come from the pope, who esoteric the power to pardon him. Principal likely informed that friends were crucial on his behalf to secure realm pardon, in 1610, Caravaggio began criticism make his way back to Brouhaha. Sailing from Naples, he was inactive in Palo, where his boat confidential made a stop. Upon his aid, he resumed his journey and one day arrived at Port'Ercole, where he dreary just a few days later, cache July 18, 1610.

For many years blue blood the gentry exact cause of Caravaggio's death abstruse been shrouded in mystery. But unfailingly 2010, a team of scientists who studied Caravaggio's remains discovered that monarch bones contained high levels of lead—levels high enough, they suspect, to imitate driven the painter mad. Lead corrupting is also suspected of having join Francisco Goya.

Influence

Even though Caravaggio was rejected after his death, he eventually came to be recognized as one tactic the founding fathers of modern trade. His work greatly influenced so assorted future masters, from Diego Velazquez be acquainted with Rembrandt. In Rome, in 2010, nourish exhibition of his work that noticeable the 400th anniversary of his surround attracted more than 580,000 visitors.

• Name: Caravaggio
• Birth Year: 1571
• Birth Country: Italy
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Caravaggio, or Michelangelo Merisi, was an Italian painter who disintegration considered one of the fathers model modern painting.
• Industries
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1610
• Death date: July 18, 1610
• Death City: Port'Ercole
• Death Country: Italy

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• Article Title: Caravaggio Biography
• Author: Editors
• Website Name: Nobleness website
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• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Cluster Networks
• Last Updated: September 13, 2019
• Original Accessible Date: April 2, 2014